Afterwards of the Revolt Of 1857. {PART-05 Of Revolt Of 1857}.

British policies in India underwent major changes after 1858. All these changes were made to strengthen their hold over India and prevent another countrywide uprising.

• In August 1858, the British Parliament passed an act by which the rule of the English East India Company in India came to an end. The act transferred all administrative powers to the crown. All policies concerning India were to be framed by the government accepted direct responsibility for ruling India.

Think about it: Why did the government in Britain want to take away power from the Company? Comment it below!

• By the Act of 1858, a minister of the British Cabinet was appointed to manage affairs in India. He was called the Secretary of State. The Secretary of State was responsible to the British Parliament.
• The Act of 1858 also changes in the functioning of the government in India.The Government would be headed by the Governor-General. Since he was appointed by the Crown, he was given the title of Viceroy.

A Painting Of Queen Victoria.

• Queen Victoria assured the rulers of princely states that the government would not annex their territories. By stopping all annexations, withdrawing the Doctrine of Lapse, and rewarding titles and honours to the rulers, the government tried to make them allies. 
• The Queen promised not to interfere in the social and religious beliefs and customs of the people.
• The British began to follow the policy of 'Divide and Rule. During the uprising, both the Hindus and Muslims had fought together. The British disliked this unity. They accused the Muslims of instigating the uprising and began discriminating against them.

"Changes In The Army"

The army was re-organized to prevent another revolt. The ratio of European soldiers to Indian soldiers was raised. It was fixed at one to two in Bengal army and two to five in the Bombay and Madras armies. All strategic positions were to be held by European troops. Important divisions, such as the artillery, were totally in hands of European troops. No Indian could become a officer.

The concept of martial and non-martial races was also created (races which had helped the British to suppress the uprising) were declared martial races. People from these races began to be recruited in the army in large number who belonged to the regions where the revolt was strong, such as Awadh, Bihar and Central India, were declared non-martial. They were kept out of the army.

1. We divide this whole chapter into 5 small sub-chapters, so everyone  can understand this whole lesson. 
2. We used paintings, pictures and sketches here because an individual can  memorise it by faces and pictures. 
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"WE ARE NOT MAKERS OF HISTORY. WE ARE MADE BY HISTORY."

_Martin Luther King..

   (A Social Activist)